Dupilumab for Treatment of Food-Dependent, Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis: Report of One Case / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a potentially life-threatening disorder that often occurs with exercise, and patients typically have eaten a specific food within hours before disease onset. This disease is exceedingly rare, with a prevalence of 0.02%. No well-recognized prevention or treatment strategy has been available for FDEIA except avoiding triggers strictly. Here we report an 11-year-old boy with a history of recurrent anaphylaxis of unknown etiology more than 10 times within two years. As the anaphylactic symptoms had not been controlled after traditional treatments, the patient was given subcutaneous injection of dupilumab seven times within 33 weeks. During dupilumab treatments, the patient was exposed to culprit mushrooms plus exercises at least twice a month but without notable anaphylaxis. Thus, Dupilumab may improve the allergic reactions in FDEIA patients.

Knowledge， attitude and practice（KAP） of adolescents visiting STD clinic and influencing factors / 上海预防医学

Objective:To understand the status and knowedge， attitude， practice（KAP） of adolescent sexually transmitted disease（STD） patients in Shanghai， and provide evidence for the development of health interventions. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted by anonymous interview survey using self-made questionnaires in patients during 2017.10.1-2017.12.31. Consecutive variables were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Classification variables were analysed using Chi-square analysis and logistic analysis. Results:Regarding to sex and reproductive health， the knowledge awareness rate of STD patients was very low. The rate of correctly answering most questions was less than 5%. The patients were more open to risky sex， while the proportion of positive attitude towards safe sex was lower. Men were more open than women to risky sex. For example， 34.7% and 35.7% of men accepted homosexuality and one-night stand， respectively， but only 1.5% and 12.4% of women showed acceptance. There was statistically significant difference in knowledge scores of STD between different genders （P=0.020）. The knowledge score of female patients was higher than that of male patients. There were statistically significant differences in unsafe sex and preventive health care attitudes among patients of different gender （P<0.001） and sex orientation （P<0.001）. The attitudes of female patients were better than those of male patients， and the attitudes of heterosexual patients were better than those of sexual minorities. There was statistically significant difference in sexual behavior among patients with different sexual orientation （P=0.014）， and the behavior score of sexual minority patients was better than that of heterosexual patients. The influencing factors of sex and reproductive knowledge were gender （P=0.001） and native place （P=0.004）. STD knowledge level in females and Shanghai residents was higher than males and the non-residents. Conclusion:There is a large gender difference in adolescent STD groups in Shanghai. Women， floating population and sexual minorities are vulnerable groups and need more social support. More health education should be targeted on the factors affecting reproductive health knowledge， and adolescent STD prevention strategies should be formulated.

Sexual and reproductive health knowledge and practice among students in six senior high schools in three regions in East China / 上海预防医学

Objective:To know the status of knowledge， attitude and behavior related to sexual and reproductive health in high school students in three regions of East China， and to provide a reference for adolescent reproductive health education. Methods:From August to October in 2019， 614 high school students were invited from 6 high schools in Jiading District and Yangpu District， Shanghai and Taicang City， Jiangsu to participate in this study. We conducted an anonymous self-questionnaire survey using structured questionnaires based on adolescent reproductive health knowledge and literacy. Results:The male to female ratio of all high school students in the study was 1∶1.25， and the average age was （16.1±0.9） years old. The score of pregnancy and abortion knowledge was the lowest among the reproductive health knowledge scores， and the differences among the three regions were statistically significant （P=0.002）. Male high school students （P<0.001）， students in the school with reproductive health education base （P=0.008） and students who wanted to obtain reproductive health education （P=0.002） were more acceptable to premarital sex. The high school students obtained adolescent health knowledge mainly through the internet or mobile phones， and had a demand for reproductive health related services. Conclusion:High school students in the three regions have a more open attitude towards premarital sex， but have a poor grasp of correct and efficient contraceptive knowledge. Responsible departments need to strengthen the health education of relevant knowledge， and at the same time to find new forms of education to effectively improve the level of adolescent reproductive health.

Sexual and reproductive health knowledge, attitude, and behavior of young migrant workers in Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To evaluate the current status of sexual and reproductive health knowledge and behavior of young migrant workers in Shanghai, which would provide information for the development of intervention measures. Methods A cluster random sampling with self-filled questionnaires was used for survey in two factories of Shanghai.The total number of young migrant workers surveyed was 713.The questionnaire contents included socioeconomic characters, knowledge, attitude and behavior of sex and reproductive health. Results There were 428 males and 285 females ranged from 17 to 24 years old.Eighty-eight percent of them were from rural area of China, and 79.7% of them were unmarried.Their awareness of sexual and reproductive health was low, including misunderstandings of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV transmission pathways, and failure to realize the difference between condom and contraceptive pills.Only 46.5% of the males and 31.5% of the females answered correctly about the role of contraceptive pills.Their sexual attitude was open on premarital sex and cohabitation.Males were more tolerant than women; 59.1% of the males thought they could have sex before marriage if they got consent, which was much higher than females (39.6%, P < 0.01).While the rate of premarital sex was high (64.0% in males and 56.1% in females), sexual safety awareness was not strong.The rate of condom use was only 20%, and 12.4% of the females had unwilling pregnancy and abortion. Conclusion The sexual and reproductive health status in young migrant workers need to be improved by strengthening health education and health promotion.

Tau-Induced Ca/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase-IV Activation Aggravates Nuclear Tau Hyperphosphorylation / 神经科学通报·英文版

Hyperphosphorylated tau is the major protein component of neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism underlying tau hyperphosphorylation is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that exogenously expressed wild-type human tau40 was detectable in the phosphorylated form at multiple AD-associated sites in cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions from HEK293 cells. Among these sites, tau phosphorylated at Thr205 and Ser214 was almost exclusively found in the nuclear fraction at the conditions used in the present study. With the intracellular tau accumulation, the Ca concentration was significantly increased in both cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions. Further studies using site-specific mutagenesis and pharmacological treatment demonstrated that phosphorylation of tau at Thr205 increased nuclear Ca concentration with a simultaneous increase in the phosphorylation of Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) at Ser196. On the other hand, phosphorylation of tau at Ser214 did not significantly change the nuclear Ca/CaMKIV signaling. Finally, expressing calmodulin-binding protein-4 that disrupts formation of the Ca/calmodulin complex abolished the okadaic acid-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in the nuclear fraction. We conclude that the intracellular accumulation of phosphorylated tau, as detected in the brains of AD patients, can trigger nuclear Ca/CaMKIV signaling, which in turn aggravates tau hyperphosphorylation. Our findings provide new insights for tauopathies: hyperphosphorylation of intracellular tau and an increased Ca concentration may induce a self-perpetuating harmful loop to promote neurodegeneration.

Intermittent convulsions for 1.5 years and psychomotor retardation in a girl / 中国当代儿科杂志

The study reports a girl with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy. The girl was admitted at the age of 2 years because of intermittent convulsions for 1.5 years and psychomotor retardation. She had a history of "hypoxia" in the neonatal period. At the age of 5 months recurrent epileptic seizures occurred. The child was resistant to antiepileptic drugs, and had many more seizures when she got cold or fever. She also had a lot of convulsive status epilepticus. No discharges were found during several video-EEG monitorings. Cerebral MRI examinations showed normal results. So Dravet syndrome was clinically suspected. ALDH7N1 gene mutation analysis revealed two heterozygote mutations, and pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy was thus confirmed. Seizures were generally controlled after pyridoxine supplementation.

Evaluation of psychological fear in children undergoing head-up tilt test / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different tilt angles of head-up tilt test (HUTT) and different responses to HUTT on the psychological fear in children undergoing the test.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HUTT was performed on children with unexplained syncope or pre-syncope (107 cases: 52 males and 55 females), aged 5.5-17.8 years (mean 12.0±2.8 years). All subjects were randomly assigned to undergo HUTT at an angle of 60°, 70° or 80°; the negative cases underwent sublingual nitroglycerin-provocation HUTT at the same tilt angle. The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale was used for self-assessment of psychological fear in subjects during HUTT at the end point of the test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate, hemodynamic changes and distribution of response types showed no significant differences between children at tilt angles of 60°, 70° and 80° (P>0.05). The greater the tilt angle, the higher the degree of psychological fear in children undergoing the test, but there were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). The degree of psychological fear in children who showed a positive response to HUTT (n=76) was significantly higher than that in children who showed a negative response (n=31) (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HUTT can cause psychological fear in children undergoing the test, and the degree of psychological fear increases in children tested at tilt angles from 60° to 80°, but the differences have no statistical significance. A positive response to HUTT can significantly increase the psychological fear in children.</p>

Expression of homeobox gene HOXA9 in childhood acute leukemia, and its clinical significance / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of homeobox gene HOXA9 in the bone marrow mononuclear cells of children with acute leukemia (AL) and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-six children with AL were divided into acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) groups. Fifteen children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were selected as a control group. The mRNA expression of HOXA9 was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HOXA9 expression was detected in 63% of the 52 bone marrow samples from 46 AL children. The positive HOXA9 expression rate in the AML group was significantly higher than in the ALL and control groups (86% vs 35% and 13%; P<0.05). The mRNA expression of HOXA9 in the AML group was significantly higher than in the ALL and control groups (P<0.05). Among the children with AML, those with M5 AML had the highest HOXA9 mRNA level, followed by children with M4 AML and children with M1 and/or M2 AML, but HOXA9 expression was not detected in children with M3 AML. The high-risk subgroup of AML children had relatively high levels of HOXA9 expression. In the children with AML, the initial treatment subgroup had significantly higher positive HOXA9 expression rate and HOXA9 mRNA levels than in the remission subgroup and control group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences between the latter two groups (P>0.05). The non-remission subgroup had significantly higher HOXA9 expression than the remission subgroup and control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High expression of HOXA9 is associated with the occurrence of AL, and its expression level is significantly higher in children with AML than in those with ALL. There is a positive correlation between the expression level of HOXA9 and the risk of childhood leukemia, and high expression of HOXA9 suggests poor prognosis. Therefore, HOXA9 can be used as one of the indices in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis prediction of childhood AL.</p>

Investigation of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring for evaluating treatment outcome of nerve-mediated syncope in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical significance of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for evaluating the treatment outcome of nerve-mediated syncope (NMS) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight children with NMS confirmed by a head-up tilt table test (HUTT) (12 males and 16 females, aged 6-13 years) and with a chief complaint of unexplained syncope or pre-syncope between February 2010 and August 2012, were included in the study. These children received health education combined with therapy using oral rehydration salts solution and were then reexamined for clinical symptoms as well as HUTT and ABPM results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 28 NMS cases, 22 were vasodepressive type, 5 were mixed type, and 1 was cardioinhibitory type. The follow-up showed that 27 (96%) of all cases had improved clinical symptoms, and 18 (64%) had improved HUTT results. The ABPM follow-up revealed no significant changes in 24-hour mean systolic pressure, 24-hour mean diastolic pressure, daytime mean systolic pressure, daytime mean diastolic pressure, nighttime mean systolic pressure, nighttime mean diastolic pressure, day-night difference of systolic pressure, and day-night difference of diastolic pressure after treatment (P>0.05). The percentage of children with a dipper blood pressure pattern increased from 29% (8/28) before treatment to 50% (14/28) after treatment; the percentage of children with a non-dipper blood pressure pattern decreased from 71% (20/28) before treatment to 50% (14/28) after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>As an effective, objective and non-invasive monitoring means, ABPM is of some clinical significance for evaluating the treatment outcome of NMS in children.</p>

Tobacco consumption and behavior of the smokers in Jiangxi province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the behaviors of smokers as well as the tobacco consumption in Jiangxi province.Impact regarding the increases of tobacco retail price on the smoking behaviors among cigarette consumers was also studied.Data was provided for further development on measurements including legislation,taxing and increasing the retail price on tobacco.Methods 805 residents above 15 year-olds were chosen through random clustered sampling,and face to face interviewed,in Shangrao and Yichun of Jiangxi province.A chart was drawn to show the relationship between the change of smoking behavior and the increase of sales price of tobacco.Results The average rate of smoking was 27.08％ (46.62％ for males and 3.05％ for females).16.06％ (35/218) of the smokers had ever tried to quit smoking but failed.The years of smoking ranged from 1 year to 50 years,with 96.33％ of the smokers purchased cigarettes on their own.Price of the cigarette ranged from 15 to 30 RMB per package,and smokers usually spent on average 192 RMB which accounted 13％ of their monthly income,per month.According to the chart,if the cigarette price had a 50％ increase,it would lead to 45％ of the smokers reduce the number of cigarette consumption with another 5％ of the smokers attempt to quit smoking.If cigarette price had an increase by 2 times,50％ of the smokers would attempt to quit smoking.So the chart could be used to estimate the percentage of smokers' behavior change according to the increase of tobacco's sales price.Conclusion The cconomy burden of tobacco consumption among cigarette smokers was huge,suggesting that the Chinese smokers did need to change their smoking behavior.Chinese government should develop tobacco-related legislations and laws and set proper cigarette tax,hopefully this could reduce the number of smokers in a long run.

Diagnosis of vasovagal syncope in children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the diagnosis of vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 57 children with POTS diagnosed by the head-up tilt test between January 2007 and December 2010 were studied retrospectively. Of the 57 children, there were 29 boys and 28 girls who were aged from 5 to 16 years (12.2±1.9 years).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-four (42%) out of 57 children were diagnosed with VVS by prolonging the duration of the head-up tilt test (for the children with orthostatic tolerance): cardioinhibitory (20 cases), mixed (3 cases) and vasoinhibitory (1 case). The POTS children with VVS were older than those without (13.0±1.4 years vs 11.5±2.1 years; P<0.05). There were no significant differences in gender and clinical symptoms between the POTS children with and without VVS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Some children with POTS may have coexisting VVS, suggesting that it is important to avoid misdiagnosis of VVS by prolonging the duration of head-up tilt test in POTS children with orthostatic tolerance. There are no obvious differences in gender and clinical symptoms between the POTS children with and without VVS.</p>

Study on the relationship between childhood non-intentional injury and socio-economic status in Jiangxi province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the relationship between childhood non-intentional injury and socio-economic status (SES) in Jiangxi province. Methods Nearly 100 000 households were selected by PPS sampling method, in Jiangxi province. All children aged 0-17 years in selected households were surveyed using an 'injury questionnaire'. SES was calculated under the World Bank method. Results 98 335 children were surveyed and the identified number of non- intentional injury cases was 5429 and with 52 fatal cases. The morbidity was 5.52% and mortality was 52.88/100 000. The mortality of children with higher SES was lower than that of other groups but without statistical significance. The morbidity of moderate injury increased with the increasing SES, also without statistical significance. However, the morbidity of severe injury in male children decreased with the increasing SES. Rates of moderate injury morbidities of fall and road traffic injury also increased with the increasing SES. Moderate injury morbidity caused by animals decreased with the increasing SES. Severe injury morbidity of fall decreased with the increasing SES. Conclusion The morbidity of injury in children was affected by the SES and the relationship between injury and SES varied along with the results of different types of injuries.

Clinical observation on treatment of major depressive disorder by paroxetine combined with chaihu xiaoyao mixture / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chaihu Xiaoyao Mixture (CXM) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and ninety patients with MDD were randomly assigned to two groups, the test group and the control group. They were treated by paroxetine combined with CXM or placebo for 8 weeks. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated at the end of the 2nd, 4th and 8th week by scoring according Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, and the adverse reaction was scaled by Treatment Emergent Symptoms Scale (TESS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Follow-up study was completed in 89/92 patients in the test group, and 93/98 patients in the control group, with 3 and 5 cases dropping, respectively. The effective rate in the two groups was 84.8% and 71.4%, and the cure rate was 69.6% and 55.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group (chi2=4.92, P<0.05; chi2=4.22, P<0.05). As compared with the baseline, significant differences in HAMD-17 total score and scores of its various factors as well as the CGI score were shown in both groups after 2, 4 and 8's week treatment (P<0.01). Comparison between groups showed that significant differences presented in HAMD-17 total score and CGI score at the end of the 8th week (P<0.01), while comparison of adverse reactions between groups showed insignificantly statistical difference (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined treatment of CXM and paroxetine is more effective than that with paroxetine alone in treating MDD, and it could enhance the clinical efficacy with higher safety.</p>

Study on traffic induced injuries in children aged 0-17 years in Jiangxi province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the morbidity, mortality, and disease burden of traffic injury in children aged 0-17 years so as to develop a related strategy on prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>100,000 households were selected by PPS sampling method in Jiangxi province. All children aged 0-17 years in selected households were interviewed by trained interviewers using a standardized 'traffic injury questionnaire'.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall mortality and fatality rates of traffic injury were 10.17/100,000 and 1.36% respectively while the traffic injury morbidity in children of 0-17 years old was 7.40 per thousand. Morbidity in males was 8.29 per thousand compared to 6.26 per thousand in females. Severe cases accounted for 1.79 per thousand of the total but those living in urban area appeared to be 0.93 per thousand compared to 1.88 per thousand in the rural area, with statistical significance. Pedestrian and cyclists related injuries accounted for 80.48% of all the injured children. The average medical cost per case was 1369.57 Yuan with an average of 3.63 days of hospitalization. The average days of missing school/working was 8.79.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morbidity and mortality among male children were higher than those among female children. The morbidity of severe traffic injury cases in children living in rural area was higher than that of children living in urban area. The disease burden of traffic injury in Jiangxi province was heavy and the development of relative intervention strategy seemed urgent in Jiangxi province.</p>

Experimental BCSC-1 gene therapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma mediated by adenovirus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the therapeutic value of BCSC-1 in tumor gene therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant adenovirus Ad5-BCSC-1 was prepared. Cell proliferation was assayed using CellTiter 96 Aqueous one solution cell proliferation assay kit. Ad5-BCSC-1 was injected into tumor with Ad5-egfp or with PBS injection as controls. The injections were repeated one weak later. After another 2 weeks, the mice were sacrificed and the tumors were excised and weighed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth of the CNE-2L2 cell infected with Ad5-BCSC-1 in vitro was remarkably slower than that of the controls, the wild type cell and the cell infected with Ad5-egfp. In contrast to the controls, the cells infected with Ad5-BCSC-1 aggregated and formed huge messes in the culture. The average weight of the CNE-2L2 tumors in mice was (2.28 +/- 0.73), (2.07 +/- 0.40), and (0.58 +/- 0.32) g for the tumors injected with PBS, Ad5-egfp, and Ad5-BCSC-1, respectively (Ad5-BCSC-1 vs. PBS or Ad5-egfp, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intra-tumor injection of Ad5-BCSC-1 can suppress the growth of CNE-2L2 tumor in nude mice, suggesting that BCSC-1 gene therapy may be effective for tumors with low or no expression of BCSC-1 gene.</p>

Inhibition of malignant activities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell by ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study effects of ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene on the malignant activi-BCSC-1 cDNA was isolated by RT-PCR ties of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2L2.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>and inserted into pMAL-c2X and pcDNA4/myc-His A. BCSC-1 protein was expressed in prokaryocytes. Rabbit antiserum to BCSC-1 was developed by means of immunization of rabbit with the BCSC-1 protein. Expression of BCSC-1 gene in wild type CNE-2L2 cell (W cell) was examined by real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining with the antiserum as a probe. pcDNA4/myc-His A-BCSC-1 was transfected into W cell at the presence of LipofectAmine. The cells were selected by G418 and cloned. Ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene in W cell was examined by Western blot. Cell growth was detected by drawing of growth curves and colony formation tests. Cells were inoculated into nude mice. Size of tumors was assayed once a week. Lungs of the mice were sectioned continuously and metastatic loci in lungs were examined upon a microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rabbit BCSC-1 antiserum was prepared. Expression of BCSC-1 gene in W cell was found to be very low. CNE-2L2 cell with ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene was developed. Growth in vitro, colony formation, tumorigenesis in nude mice, and lung metastasis of the tumor were profoundly inhibited of the cell with ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene in comparison with controls, wild type cell and the cell transfected with mock. Conclusion Ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene exerts profound inhibitive effect on the malignant activities of CNE-2L2 cell.</p>

Experimental siCD44-targeted therapy of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma mediated by adenovirus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the possibility of treating solid tumor with siCD44.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2L2 with high expression of CD44 was used in this study. The malignant activities of cells were examined by colony formation test, tumorigenesis, and lung metastasis of the tumor in nude mice. Ad5-siCD44 was constructed and adenoviruses were produced in 293 cells. CNE-2L2 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice. When tumors grew to 50-100 mm3, Ad5-siCD44 was injected into tumors, and Ad5-egfp and PBS were also injected as controls. The size and weight of tumors were compared after 2 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Suppression of CD44 expression profoundly inhibited the malignant activities of CNE-2L2 cell. The average sizes of the tumors were (3.139 +/- 0.850), (3.612 +/- 0.888), and (1.512 +/- 0.742) cm3 after the intra-tumor injection of PBS, Ad5-egfp, and Ad5-siCD44, respectively, after two weeks. Significant difference was found between Ad5-siCD44 group and control groups (P < 0.05). The average weights were (2.28 +/- 0.73), (1.83 +/- 0.26), and (1.20 +/- 0.64) g, respectively, and significant difference was also found between Ad5-siCD44 group and control groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intra-tumor injection of Ad5-siCD44 can exhibit the therapeutic effect on the tumor inoculated with CNE-2L2 cells with high expression of CD44 in nude mice.</p>

Reduction of CD44 expression results in growth inhibition of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2L2 in vitro / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of the inhibition of CD44 gene expression on the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2L2 in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD44 gene expression in cells was suppressed by siRNA which was introduced into cells through retrovirus infection. Integration of siRNA into genomic DNA was examined by genomic PCR. CD44 gene expression in cells was detected by Western blot analysis. Cell growth in vitro was assayed using Cell Titer 96 AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay kit Promega. Cells were stained with propidium iodium and cell DNA content was detected upon a flow cytometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>siRNA was integrated into genomic DNA of host cells. The 4 cell pools integrated with one of the 4 siCD44s showed a significant inhibition of CD44 gene expression comparing to the controls, the wild type cell and the cell pool integrated with siegfp. The cell pools integrated with siCD44-1 or siCD44-2 showed the most profound inhibition. Growth of these 2 cells in vitro was compared to that of the controls and was found to be significantly inhibited. Cell DNA content analysis indicated 44.4%, 45.5%, 53.9%, and 53.3% in G0/G1 phase; 39.3%, 40.0%, 27.1%, and 28.2% in S phase; and 16.3%, 14.5%, 19.0%, and 18.5% in G2/M phase for the wild type cell, the cell pool integrated with siegfp, the cell pools integrated with siCD44-1, and the cell pools integrated with siCD44-2, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Reduction in CD44 expression inhibit the growth of CNE-2L2 cell and affects the development of cells from G0/G1 into S phase, but may somehow promote cells to develop from S into G2/M phase.</p>

Effects of human alpha-mannosidase Man2c1 transgene on growth and metastasis of transplanted tumor in mice / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of human alpha-mannosidase Man2c1 transgene on tumor growth and metastasis in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hepatoma cell H22 or squamous epithelial carcinoma cell S180 was subcutaneously inoculated into the right armpit of mice (wild type mice and 28#, 35#, and 54# transgenic mice). Tumor size was measured every week. Mice were sacrificed on day 9 or 10 and then the tumors were exercised and weighted. Tumors and lungs were fixed in formaldehyde and sectioned. The sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and examined under microscope. The red blood cells in spleen were destroyed by Tris-NH4Cl. Natural killer (NK) cell activity was detected with Yac-1 cell as target.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>H22 and S180 tumors grew faster in all the three transgenic mice (28#, 35#, and 54#) than in wild type mice. The average size and weight of tumors between the transgenic mice and wild type mice were significantly different (P<0.05). Most tumors in the transgenic mice invaded the surrounding tissues. In contrast, nearly all the tumors in wild type mice were capsulized. Three of 10 28# transgenic mice, 5 of 10 35# transgenic mice, 3 of 10 54# transgenic mice, and 1 of 10 wild type mice showed lung metastasis of H22 tumor. Two of 6 28# transgenic mice, 3 of 6 35# transgenic mice, 1 of 6 54# transgenic mice, and 0 of 6 wild type mice showed lung metastasis of S180 tumor. No difference of NK activity in spleen cells was observed between the transgenic mice and wild type mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>hMan2c1 transgene promotes growth, invasion, and metastasis of transplanted H22 and S180 tumors in mice. hMan2cl transgene does not affect NK activity in splenocytes.</p>

Ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene results in enhancement of adhesion and cell cycling blockade of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2L2 cell / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study mechanisms of reduction of the malignant activities of human naso-pharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2L2 induced by ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DNA was stained with propidium iodide and assayed upon a flow cytometer. Chromosomes were stained with Hoechest 33258. Adhesion of CNE-2L2 cells was detected by cell aggregation test. Protein expression on CNE-2L2 cells was examined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell cycle analysis showed that the percentage of CNE-2L2 cells was 55.1%, 43.4%, and 39.4% in G0/G1 phase, 25.2%, 28.7%, and 30.9% in S phase, and 19.7%, 27.9%, and 29.7% in G2/M phase for the cell with ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene, wild type cell (W cells), and the cell transduced with the mock (M cell). Many mitotic cells were found in W cells and M cells. In contrast, almost no mitotic cell was observed in the cells with ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene. Ectopic BCSC-1 expression resulted in cell aggregation, enhanced expression of E-cadherin, cx-catenin, and p53.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ectopic BCSC-1 expression causes enhancement of adhesion of CNE-2L2 cells associated with enhanced expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin, arrest of cell in G1 phase, which may be associated with enhanced expression of p53. These alteration may play a role in the reduction of malignant activities of the cells with ectopic expression of BCSC-1 gene.</p>